无人机技术paper范文

摘要：无人机技术Drone technology 下面为大家整理一篇优秀的paper代写范文- Drone technology，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了无人机的相关技术。无人机的核心技术集中在总体技术，动力系统和飞行控制......

无人机技术 Drone technology

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的paper代写范文- Drone technology，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了无人机的相关技术。无人机的核心技术集中在总体技术，动力系统和飞行控制技术三个方面，这三个方面共同确定最重要的技术指标。在总体技术方面，无人机总体技术一般包括总体设计和总装集成，需要根据任务需求制定总体方案，从顶层自上而下决定无人机整体的性能指标。而电力系统，UAV动力系统主要有内燃机和电动机的两个主要的类别，并根据其各自的特性应用到不同领域。另外，在飞行控制技术方面，飞行控制技术为核心技术，无人机实现自主飞行。

The core technology of uav focuses on the overall technology, power system and flight control technology, which jointly determine the most important technical indicators, such as flight height, range, direction of navigation, flight speed and load of uav.

In the overall technology, unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) overall technology generally includes overall design and final assembly integration, need to formulate overall plan according to task demand, including machine structure, motor selection, the flight control system design and the index distribution between each subsystem and interface relations, from the top-down decision performance of the unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) as a whole. Currently, most uav manufacturers start from the overall technology. The high-end uav field is almost monopolized by large military state-owned enterprises, such as avic and aerospace science and technology group. In the low-end uav sector, a large number of private enterprises are involved and a hundred flowers are blooming. In terms of overall technology, large companies with strong research and development capabilities and good platform versatility will have certain advantages. They can keep up with the forefront of uav technology, respond quickly to market demands and save research and development costs.

无人机的核心技术集中于整体技术、动力系统和飞行控制技术，它们共同决定了无人机的飞行高度、航程、导航方向、飞行速度和载荷等最重要的技术指标。

In terms of power system, UAV power system mainly has two main categories, internal combustion engine and electric motor, and applies to different fields according to their respective characteristics. Take the electric motor as an example. Its power system mainly includes an electric motor, an ESC, a propeller, and a battery. Whether the power system is matched with the whole machine or not directly affects the efficiency and stability of the whole machine, so the power system is very important.

In terms of flight control technology, flight control technology is the core technology, and uav realizes autonomous flight. The hardware of a flight control system usually includes control computers, sensors, navigation devices, actuators, and other equipment. It covers many subjects such as electronics, computers and control. The technology has a high threshold and a complex design. At present, the uav flight control technology is developing towards the source direction, led by foreign companies. Many uav companies can conduct secondary development on the basis of source system, which greatly reduces the technical threshold of flight control and promotes the rapid development of uav industry.

From the perspective of uav application, the pattern of consumer-grade uav for ordinary consumers from functions to major players has been basically determined. Although there are some new technologies emerging constantly, they are generally stable. The concept of industrial-grade drones has only slowly taken shape in the past two years. Industrial-grade uavs are directly targeted at industry needs. They need to have environmental adaptability and reliability, which are directly related to the user experience and market positioning precise and strict requirements. Currently, uav has the following quality problems:

Currently, the market of uav mainly USES lithium polymer battery as the main power source, and the durability usually ranges from 20 to 30 minutes, up to 45 minutes, and charging often exceeds 1 hour. The ability of drones to fly is greatly limited.

On the one hand, the development threshold of uav industry is relatively high, but its reliability cannot be guaranteed without relevant qualification examination. On the other hand, for industrial uavs, the reliability of the uavs does not guarantee the safety of the expensive equipment attached to the uavs, and there will be some hidden dangers for the implementation of the mission.

Safety includes the safety of the equipment itself and the safety of being used properly and correctly. For example, flight control, GPS and other instability, interference of ground magnetic field in flight airspace and other problems will lead to uav loss of control and other safety problems.

Uav operating environment is simple or complex, and it is easy to be affected by natural environment, magnetic interference, impact, collision and other climate and mechanical environment. The adaptability of uav environment directly affects its flight performance, and it is easy to damage its equipment.

目前市场上的无人机主要使用锂聚合物电池作为主要动力源，耐久性通常在20 - 30分钟，最高可达45分钟，充电时间往往超过1小时。无人机的飞行能力非常有限。

Uavs are unmanned aircraft operated by radio remote-control units and separate programmed controls, or by on-board computers operating autonomously, fully or intermittently. From the field of application, it can be divided into military and civilian. About 20,000 drones were sold in China in 2014. It is estimated that annual sales of drones in China will reach 290,000 by 2020. It will maintain a growth rate of more than 50% for the next few years. Sales of civilian drones in China reached 4 billion yuan in 2014. From the perspective of development prospects, uavs have been applied in aerial photography, express delivery, post-disaster search and rescue, data collection and other fields, indicating that the development potential of uavs is huge. In recent years, with the rapid development of the industry, the original competitive pattern of domestic uav development field has been gradually broken, and the market structure is undergoing great changes and reshaping. At least 40 companies and research institutes in China are currently producing or developing uavs. According to different types, it can be roughly divided into three camps: military industrial groups, scientific research institutes and private enterprises.

The emergence of civilian drones is inevitable. Because they are tangible physical targets in a network of smart sensors, they bring significant economies of scale to capturing images and information. In the context of the Internet of things, drones, like other sensors or sensing devices, are data acquisition nodes for large-scale data networks that support large enterprise data.

Recent developments in computer vision and machine learning have the potential to make drones autonomous airborne data collectors, a set of technologies that could help make drone deployment a mainstream commercial phenomenon. A growing number of software startups are tackling software and cloud services.

Future successful civil unmanned aircraft companies need to provide end-to-end solutions, from hardware, software and cloud infrastructure to customized overall solutions. Without sacrificing safety and system reliability, drone manufacturers will need the ability and flexibility to bring new capabilities driven by customer needs and changing market dynamics.
 

More promising future unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) application should be focused on people affected, flying in a fixed area and low altitude areas, such as agriculture, forestry and plant protection and aerial, this kind of unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) development so fast it is for this reason, and similar to the future prospects of application of both operators and manufacturers, will gain great development.

Although China's uav has a certain gap with foreign countries in key technologies, foreign countries have not started large-scale patent application and layout in China. Domestic enterprises should seize the opportunity to further strengthen patent application, layout and application, and actively seek patent application and layout overseas to expand the market.

更有前途的未来无人机(uav)应用程序应该关注影响的人们,在一个固定区域和低海拔地区,如农业、林业和植物保护和天线,这种无人机(uav)发展如此之快,正是因为这一原因,和类似的应用程序的未来前景的运营商和制造商,将获得巨大的发展。

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